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I. A. TIMMIS.v ELECTRIC LIGHTING OP RAILWAY TRAINS.

No.. 432,657. Patented July 22, 1890.

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. A1. A. TIMMIS. ELECTRIC LIGHTING OP` RAILWAY TRAINS.

(No Model.)

1| @gc t Patented July 22, 1890.

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` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS, OF LONDON, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

ELECTRIC LIGHTING OF RAILWAY-TRAINS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 432,657, dated July 22,1890.

Application filed December 26, 1889. Serial No. 334,947. -tNo model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ILLIUs AUGUSTUS T1M- MIS, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain, residing at 2 Great George Street, XVestminster, London,S. WV., in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain newand usei'ul Improvements in the Electric Lighting of Railway-Trains; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of this specification.

The objects of my invention are to lessen the weight of the apparatus,especially of the batteries, to economize the electric current andlessen the expense and increase the light. With these objects in Viewand referring to the drawings herewith as explanatory of the followingdescription Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating electricalapparatus embodying my improvement and adapted for two cars of arailwaytrain. The apparatus illustrated by these two figures are sosimilar that I can readily describe them together with mention of theirspecial features, as may be necessary.

D designates a dynamo-electric machine, which may be arranged upon anysuitable part of the train-as, for instance, in the guards van of such atrain as is common in Europeon the locomotive or in its tender, (ir

t is intended to be driven by means of a special engine, which issupplied with steam either from a special boiler or from the locomotive.Main positive leads B and negative leads A are fitted to extend undereach car. Those of the forward car are connected with the positive andnegative leads of the dynaino, and these negative and positive leads A Bof the several cars are intended to be coupled together.

E designates a positive lead for charging batteries which are used, aswill hereinafter be explained.

From the through leads A and B, I tit main lighting-circuits L and L' ineach vehicle with the necessary lamps m m. The lamps are shown inseriesof pairs and all the pairs in parallel. They lnay be placed in anyconvenient way. These leads A B E and other through leads I joinor carrythroughk from vehicle to vehicle by means of special couplers of anyavailable kind. Thus I light the main lamps directly from the dynamo,which enables me to use a high-voltage current and get more light andinsure economy, and I require no batteries for the main lighting; but asvehicles may be taken or break loose from the dynamo-circuit, and inday-time it may be advisable not to work the dynamo-say, for instance,in going through a tunnel, and yet lights are needed-I place a smalllamp n n of low voltage in each vehicle. It will be seen that theselamps are arranged between special or auxiliary circuit-wires Hand thecircuit-wires L', and that the circuit thus formed is in communicationwith secondary battery b I), placed in any suitable position in eachvehicle. The return-lead from both the lighting-circuits is shown at LL', but sepa .rate leads may be used. Local switches s s are shown inboth thelighting-leads. When the local switches in the auxiliarycircuits are closed, the lamps are lighted in Fig. 2. I t another orrelay switch S, Fig. 2, in these auxiliary circuits, which works asfollows: In

each of the main lighting-circuits I place a relay R in each vehicle,which actuates the relay-switch S and breaks the auxiliary circuits whenthe dynamo is running, so that when the main lamps are lighted theauxiliary lamps are not lighted, but if any Vehicles are separated fromthe dynamo circuit the auxiliary lamps automatically light up.

The auxiliary lamps of each car will be extinguished whenever the mainleads of that car shall be again coupled in the train.

Instead of putting the relay R in thermain lighting-circuitI may put itin a separate or controlling-circuit c, as at R', Fig. 2. Thiscontrolling-circuit is joined to the through coi'itrolling-lead D andthe general negative lead A, and when it is required to be worked thetwo leads D and E are joined by the switch S', (see Fig.l 2;) or,instead of using a controlling-lead D, as in' Fig. 2, I use an auxiliarylead D, (see Fig. 1,) to which I join the auxiliary lighting-leadsZ,.and by joining the lead D to the lead E by switch S', Fig. l, theauxiliary lamps are lighted.

Vhere a communication system is used between the guard or otherattendant and passengers, I put in a communication circuit-wire ICO orconductor c, together with bell I, and pull or push knob K in anyposition or positions required, and when the knob K is actuated itestablishes a circuit and the bell I is rung. A special battery Y may bcused or the battery b.

The couplers are made so that when any vehicle is taken or becomesdetached from the train the circuits D and E or any circuits that may berequired to be joined automatically make junction. Such couplers may belocated at the points a;

There is a special resistance r in the dyname-circuit to the batteries,and there are resistances t, where required, in the auxiliarylighting-circuits, and also, but not shown, in the mainlighting-circuits, if required. There are switches 7i 71 in each of thedynamo-circuits.

Although I have used the term and described a dynamo for generating theelectrical current, it is to be understood that I do not limit myselfthereto, as I may employ other main source of electricity withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Having now described the way in which my invention may or can be carriedinto effeet, I desire it to be understood that what I claim isl. In anelectrical-lighting apparatus for railway-trains, the combination of amain source of electricity, main, positive, and negative leads for a carcommunicating with said main source of electricity, a secondary batteryfor the car, a battery-charging lead, connections between saidbatteryand one of the main leads and the battery-charging lead, a lampfor the car in electrical communication with the main leads and anotherlamp for the car in communication with that one of the main leads whichis connected with the battery and in electrical communication with thebattery-charging lead, and switch mechanism for the two lamp-circuits,substantially as specified.

2. In an electric-lighting apparatus l'or railway-trains,the combinationot' a main source [of electricity, main, positive, and negative leadsfor a carcommunicating with said main source of electricity, a secondarybattery for the car, a battery-charging lead, connections between saidbattery and one of the main leads and the battery-charging lead, a lampfor the car in electrical communication with the main leads and anotherIlamp for the car in communication with that one of the main leads whichis connected with the battery and in electrical communication with thebatterycharging lead, a relay in one of the circuits, and a switch inthe other circuitoperated by the relay, substantially as specified.

3. In an electric-lighting apparatus for railway-trains, the combinationof a main source of electricity, main, positive, and negative leads fora car communicating wit-h said sou rce of electricity,a principallamp-circuitin communication with the positive and negative leads of thecar, a lamp in this circuit, a secondary or auxiliary circuitcomprising` a wire or conductor IX, connected with one of the mainleads, a battery-charging lead, a wire Z in electrical communicationwith thebattcrycharging lead, a lamp in the secondary or auxiliarycircuit comprising the wires Il l, and a secondary battery incommunication with one of said leads and the battery-charging lead,substantially as specified.

4C. In an electric-lighting` apparatus for railway-trains, thecombination oi' a main source of electricity, main, positive, andnegative leads for a car com municating with said main source ofelectricity, a secondary battery for the car, a Aprincipal lamp-circuitin communication with the negative and positive leads of the car, a lampin this circuit, the said secondary battery in electrical communicationwith one of said main leads, a battery-charging lead in electricalcommunication with the secondary battery, a secondary or auxiliarycircuit communicating with that one of the main leads which is incommunication with the battery and comprising a wire or conductor Z,which is in electrical communication with the battery-charging lead, alamp in the secondary or auxiliary circuit, and switches in theprincipal circuit and secondary or auxiliary circuit, substantially asspecified.

5. In an electric-li ghtin g appara-t us for railway-trains, thecombination of a main source ot' electricity, main, positive, andnegative leads for a carcommunicating with said main source ofelectricity, a principal lamp-circuit in the carin communication withthe positive and negative leads of the ear, a lamp in this circuit, asecondary battery in electrical conununication with one ot' said mainleads,

a battery-charging lead in electrical communication with the secondarybattery, a secondary or auxiliary circuit communicating with that one ofthe main leads which is in communication with the battery and comprisinga wire or conductor Z, which is in electrical com munication with saidbattery-charging lead, a lamp in the secondary or auxiliary circuit, aswitch in the secondary or auxiliary circuit, and a relay intheprincipal circuit controllin such switch, substantially as specified.

t5. The combination of the main leads A la E, a dynamo or other mainsource of electricity conn ccted with two of said leads, switchescontrolling the communication between the dynamo and leads, a secondarybattery columnnicating with two ot' said leads,` a conductor L,connected with one of the leads, a conductor If, connected with anotherof said leads, a lamp connected with said conductors L L', a wire Z, alamp connected with said wire Zand. with the conductor I1', and switchess s in said last-named wires or conductors,substantially as specified.

7. The combination of main leads A BE, a main source ofelectricityconnected with the leads B E, switches controlling suchconnection, a secondary battery com muuicatin g with TOO IIO

IIS

the leads A E, a wire L, connected with the lead B, a wire L', connectedwith the lead A,

8. The combination of the leads A B E. a

dynamo communicating with the leads B E, switches controlling suchcommunication, a secondary battery connected with the leads A E, a wireL, connected with the lead B, a wire L', connected with the lead A, alamp in the circuit of said wires L L', a wire Z, connecting with thelead E, al lamp connected with the wires Z and L', switches in saidwires, and a switch S' for connecting the lead E with a lead D,substantially as specified.

9. The combination of main leads A B E, a dynamo D', connecting;r withthe leads B E,

switches controlling said connections, a secondary battery connectedwith the leads A E, a wire L, connected with the lead I3, awire L',connected with the lead A, a lamp connected with the wires L L', a wireZ, connected with the lead E, a lamp connected with the wires Z and L',switches for said wires, a switch or circuit-closer connected with thelead A and a lead C, and a signaling device connected to two of theleads, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this15th day of November, 1889.

ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS.

'itnesses:

ARTHUR MAITLAND KEAYS, FREDERICK GEORGE EDWARDS, Both of 2 GreatGcorgeSZ., Weszfm'Zf/tstcr, S. W.

